고 1 영어 (천재)

Unit 3. English Opens Doors

Words & Phrases

* combine	결합시키다

* no-brainer	손쉬운 일, 간단한 일

* brainy	머리가 좋은

* birdbrain	바보, 멍청이

* likewise	유사하게, 비슷하게

* hare-brained	무모한, 비현실적인

* refer to	~을 언급하다

* unrealistic	비현실적인

* blue	우울한

* in the red	적자 상태인

↔ in the black

* get better	호전되다, 좋아지다

* the green light	(계획에 대한) 허가, 승인

* go against	~에 대항하다

* turn green	시기하다, 질투하다

* a red-letter day	중요한 날, 기념일

* available	이용할 수 있는

* bananas	미친, 흥분한

* crash	충돌하다, (컴퓨터가) 고장나다

* give up	~을 포기하다

* give in	굴복하다, 양보하다

* give out	~을 발하다, (컴퓨터가) 고장나다

* fill in	(빈칸을) 채우다

* fill out	(서류를) 작성하다

* little by little	조금씩

* attitude	태도

* B rather than A	A라기 보다는 오히려 B

* all at once	돌연, 갑자기

* with a day off	하루 비번인, 하루 쉬는

* terrified	겁이 난, 놀란

* make sense	일리가 있다, 이치에 맞다

The Sky's the Limit!

가능성은 무한하다!

영어는 여러분이 모든 단어를 다 알고 있을 때에도 때로는 어렵다. 이것은 어느 언어에나 있는 공통적인 문제이다. 단어들은 여러 다른 방식으로 사용되고 결합될 수 있다. 이런 점 때문에 영어를 배우기는 어렵지만, 동시에 영어가 더 재미있고 다채로워지기도 한다.

①

W : 내가 어디 갔었는지 맞춰봐, Michael.

M : 모르겠는 걸.

W : 하와이야. 50달러에 여행을 가게 됐거든. 바로 다음 날 떠나야 했지만, 갔지 뭐야!

M : 오, 생각할 것도 없지! 나라도 갔을걸!

어떤 표현들은 특정 단어들을 사용하는 재미있는 방식으로 시작되었다. 예를 들어 ‘brain'이라는 단어를 보자. ’brainy'한 사람이 똑똑하다고 간주되는 것은 이해하기가 쉽다. 또한 ‘a birdbrain'을 가진 사람은 똑똑하지 않다고 추측할 수 있다. 마찬가지로 ’a hare-brained idea'는 비현실적이거나 어리석게 들리는 생각을 나타낸다. 그러나 만약 누군가 “It was a no-brainer."라고 한다면, 여러분은 그것이 무엇을 의미한다고 생각하는가? 놀랍게도, 그 사람은 그 생각이 정말 훌륭하거나 간단한 것이어서 결정하기 위해 생각할 필요조차 없었다고 말하는 것이다.

※ 다음 중 ‘Beats me'와 의미가 다른 것은?

① I have no idea.

② I got it.

③ You've got me.

④ I don't know.

English is sometimes difficult even when you know all the words.

This is a common problem with any language. Words can be used

and combined in many different ways. This makes learning English difficult,

V1          O            OC

but at the same time makes it more interesting and colorful.

V2   O2           OC2

①

W : Guess where I went, Michael.

M : Beats me.

W : To Hawaii, I won a trip for $50. I had to leave the next morning, but I went!

M : Oh, that was a no-brainer! I would have gone, too!

Some expressions started out as fun ways to use certain words.

Let's look at the word, "brain," for example. It is easy to understand

that someone who is "brainy" is considered smart. You can also guess that

~로 간주되다

a person with "a birdbrain" is not smart. Likewise, "a hare-brained idea"

마찬가지로

refers to an idea that sounds unrealistic or foolish. But if someone says,

"It was a no-brainer," what do you think it means? Surprisingly,

→ Do you think + What does it mean?

the person is saying that the idea was such a good or simple one

↳ idea

that he didn't even need to think to make a decision.

②

M : 요즘 어때, Liz?

W : 아직도 적자를 내고 있어서 우울해.

M : 언제쯤 좋아지기 시작할까?

W : 우리가 새 프로젝트에 관한 허가를 받자마자 좋아지길 바라.

색깔 역시 우리가 기대하는 것과 맞지 않는다. 여러분은 “feel blue(슬픈)” 하거나 “turn green(시기하는)”할 수 있다. 모든 일이 잘 되면 "a red-letter day(특별하게 느끼는 날)”가 될 수 있다. 그런데 왜 부모님이 여러분에게 “We're in the red.(우리는 적자야)”라고 말하면 안 좋은 것일까? 그것은 역사와 깊은 관련이 있다. 컴퓨터가 사용되기 이전에 사용되던 색깔은 검정과 빨강 두 가지뿐이었다. 회사원들이 숫자를 합산할 때, 흑자의 결과는 검은색으로 타자되었다. 그래서 사업이 잘 되면 “흑자”상태였다. 반면에, 사업이 잘 안되고 빚을 지게 되면, 숫자는 빨간색으로 타자되었고, 그래서 “적자” 상태였다.

M : How are things going, Liz?

W : I'm blue, because we're still in the red.

M : When will things start to get better?

W : As soon as we get the green light on the new project, I hope.

Colors often go against what we expect, too. You may "feel blue(feel sad)"

~에 대항하다, 맞서다

or "turn green(get jealous)." You can have "a red-letter day (a day which

feels special)" when everything is great. Then why is it bad if your parents tell

you, "We're in the red"? It has a lot to do with history. Before the time when

관계부사

computers were available, there were only two colors used in typewriters:

black and red. When business workers added up numbers, the "plus" results

더하다, 합산하다

were typed in black. So if the business was going well, it was "in the black."

On the other hand, if the business was going badly and owed money,

반면에                                                        돈을 빚지다

the numbers were typed in red, so it was "in the red."

③

M : 내 컴퓨터가 나를 미치게 해. 또 고장났어. 버려야 겠어.

W : 아직 포기하지마. 우리 같이 고쳐보자.

M : 그래, 그 생각에 따를게. 어디에서부터 시작하지?

특정 그룹의 표현들은 여러분을 "drive you crazy(미치게 할)”수도 있다. 그것들은 in, out 또는 up과 같은 더 작은 단어들과 결합하는 동사들이다. 교과서 연습 문제를 풀 때 여러분은 빈칸을 “채워야(fill in)"하고, 어떤 양식을 작성할 때에는 “기입해야(fill out)"한다. 여러분보다 더 좋은 생각을 가진 친구와 이야기 할 때, 여러분은 “양보할지도(give in)"로 모른다. 그러나 여러분이 싸우고 있다면, “포기해야(give up)"할 것이다. 흥미롭게도, 여러분의 컴퓨터가 작동을 멈춘다면, 그것은 고장 났거나 수명이 “다한(gave out)" 것이다. 아무도 왜 그런 표현들이 현재의 뜻을 갖게 되었는지 정확히 알지 못한다.

※ 다음 중 그 의미가 다른 하나는?

① drive me bananas

② drive me crazy

③ drive me home

④ make me mad

M : My computer is driving me bananas. It crashed again. I'm throwing it out!

W : Don't give up yet. We can fix it together.

M : OK. I'll give in to that idea. Where do we start?

One particular group of expressions can "drive you crazy (make you crazy)."

They are verbs that combine with smaller words like in, out or up.

관대 주격

When doing a textbook exercise, you "fill in" the blanks, but when writing on

a form, you "fill out" the form. When having a talk with a friend

서류 양식

whose ideas are better than yours, you might "give in."

If you were fighting, however, you would have to "give up." Interestingly,

if your computer stopped working, it crashed or "gave out."

Nobody really knows the reasons why such expressions came to mean

관계부사                come to 동원 : ~하게 되다

what they do.

④

④

그러나 포기하지 마라. 심지어 영어 원어민들도 이런 독특한 표현들은 조금씩 배워야 한다. 한 사람이 그 모든 표현을 다 아는 것은 불가능하다. 그런 이유로, 학습을 할 때에는 느긋한 자세를 갖는 것이 중요하다. 한꺼번에 많은 것을 배우려고 하기 보다는 한 번에 조금씩 배우는 것이 좋다. 그리고 나서 여러분은 영어로 말하는 상황에서 그런 표현들을 사용해야 한다.

영어도 언어임을 명심해라. 여러분은 친구들을 즐겁게 하기 위해 여러분만의 표현을 만들 수 있다. 오늘 어떻게 지냈어? “하루 쉬는 학생만큼 행복하니?” 혹은 “치과에 간 아이만큼 두렵니?” 한계는 없다! 그저 여러분의 표현이 말이 되고 기본 문법 규칙을 따르는지만 확인 하라.

Don't give up, however. Even native speakers of English have to learn these

unique expressions, little by little. It is not possible for one person to know

them all. For that reason, it is important to take a relaxed attitude

when learning. Rather than trying to learn many all at once, you can learn

~하는 것 대신에 = instead of         한꺼번에

a few at a time. Then you should use them in situations where you are

한번에                                                  관계부사

speaking in English.

Remember, English is your language, too. You can make up your own

expressions to amuse your friends. How are you today?

즐겁게 하다

Are you "as happy as a student with a day off" or

are you "as terrified as a child at the dentist's"? The sky's the limit!

Just make sure your expressions make sense and follow basic grammar rules.

After you read

Choose the two statements that are true.

a. A hare-brained person is very smart.

b. A red-letter day is a special day.

c. A business that is in the red is making a lot of money.

d. It is difficult to tell where some expressions come from.

Vocabulary

* That plan sounds realistic. I am sure we can do it.

* That project looks unrealistic. It is going to fail.

* Taking medicine is one possible way to cure the disease.

* Mastering English in one year is impossible.

Mini Test

1. 다음 사전 뜻풀이를 읽고, 밑줄 친 부분의 뜻풀이로 알맞은 것을 고르시오.

disappear v. 1. to go out of sight : to vanish 2. to cease to exist 3. to go missing 4. to make someone vanish, especially by imprisoning them or killing them secretly, usually for politically reasons.

* The airliner disappeared off their radar.

2. 다음 중 반대의 의미끼리 짝지어지지 않는 것은?

① possible ↔ impossible	② visible ↔ invisible

③ regular ↔ irregular	④ chief ↔ mischief

3. 다음 단어들에 공통으로 쓰이는 부정 접두어로 알맞은 것은?

stop	sense	fiction	smoker

① in-	② non-	③ dis-	④ un-

4. 다음 제시된 단어와 알맞은 부정 접두어를 연결하시오.

(1) un-	a. probable

(2) in-	b. appropriate

(3) im-	c. selfish

(4) dis-	d. approve

5. 다음 문장에서 어색한 단어를 찾아 바르게 고치시오.

* With love and patience, nothing is possible. (사랑과 인내가 있으면 불가능이란 없다.)

Language Focus

* People who speak this language can be found in almost every corner of the world.

* There are more and more Koreans who are learning this language.

* It is a language whose speakers live mostly in a country close to Korea.

* This is the tongue that is used in the biggest country in Asia and can be heard in many action movies.

Mini Test

[1-4] 괄호 안에서 알맞은 것을 고르시오.

1. He had two daughter, (who / which) became engineers.

2. The woman (whose / whom) they interviewed yesterday has been given the job.

3. People (who / whose) dogs get lost make every effort to find them.

4. This is the house the window (of which / which) were broken.

[5-7] 다음 빈칸에 알맞은 관계대명사를 쓰시오.

5. _____________ I really want is a MVP.

6. She is a student ___________ our teacher is proud of.

7. He is the man ____________ I thought was honest.

[8-12] 다음 빈칸에 알맞은 관계대명사절을 [보기]에서 골라 문장을 완성하시오.

8. Love should be a tree ______________________________

9. I have a lot of books, ______________________________

10. Hibernation is a word ______________________________

11. The newly developed product is a pill ________________________

12. People say that he is one of the few people ________________________

[보기]

a. who were saved by their dogs.

b. which will make black problems disappear.

c. some of which are mysterious and grotesque to read.

d. that comes from the Latin hibernatus meaning to "pass the winter."

e. whose roots are deep in the earth, but whose branches extend into Heaven.

Review

C. Read and Answer

Amy was helping her younger brother with his art project. They got together in

the living room and started to get into the project. Her brother did not like art and just wanted to get through it. But when Amy made a suggestion, he said. "That's not a brainy idea." She patiently suggested four more ideas, and he  turned them down one by one! Finally, he yelled, "Be wise as an owl! You need to give me better ideas." Amy tried to forgive his unkind comment, but she couldn't get over it. "You don't need me to help you," she finally exclaimed as she left the room.

1. Which pair does not match in meaning?

a. got together - gathered

b. get into - change

c. get through - finish

2. How does Amy probably feel?

a. jealous

b. frustrated

c. delighted